The legal status of Palestinian prisoners in occupation prisons and the guarantees of their international protection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31272/ipj.i56.259Keywords:
International Humanitarian Law, Prisoners of War, Geneva Conventions, Occupation Prisons, Palestinian PrisonersAbstract
The daily arrests carried out by the Israeli occupation forces against the Palestinians constitute a blatant violation of the rules of Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Arrests became a daily phenomenon and collective punishment for the Palestinian people, as the occupation authorities failed to respect guarantees of protection for the civilian population and did not adhere to the rules regulating the rights and conditions of detainees. These guarantees and rules are affirmed by international humanitarian law, and obligate states to fulfill their obligations in dealing with prisoners and detainees in their custody, and to preserve their rights and human dignity to receive the necessary health care and adequate food. Moreover, to allow their families to visit and communicate permanently with them, to prevent torture and ill-treatment and not to subject them to arbitrary detention, as well as prohibiting the absolute use of administrative detention orders as required by the provisions of the 3rd. and 4th. Geneva Conventions of 1949.
References
- أحمد، سي علي. 2008. وضعية أسير الحرب في القانون الدولي الإنساني. إسهامات جزائرية حول القانون الدولي الإنساني. ط 1. اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر.
- ورنيقي، محمد. ورنيقي، شريف. 2013. أسرى الحرب في القانون الدولي والشريعة الإسلامية. مجلة الدراسات الإسلامية، المجلد 2، العدد 2. جامعة عمار ثليجي.
- ماهر، خضير. 2016. الأسرى الفلسطينيين بين الحماية الشرعية والقانونية وانتهاكات حقوق الإنسان. المؤتمر الدولي الثالث عشر لمركز جيل البحث العلمي: فلسطين قضية وحق. يومي: 2 و3 ديسمبر 2016. لبنان.
- تريكي، فريد. 2014. حماية ضحايا النزعات الدولية المسلحة في القانون الدولي الإنساني والفقه الإسلامي. أطروحة لنيل دكتوراه في العلوم: تخصص القانون. كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية. جامعة مولود معمري، تيزي وزو.
- حسام، على عبد الخالق الشيخة. 2004. المسئولية والعقاب على جرائم الحرب: مع دراسة تطبيقية على الجرائم الحرب في البوسنة والهرسك. دار الجامعة الجديدة للنشر. الإسكندرية.
- أحمد، أبو الوفا. 2006. النظرية العامة للقانون الدولي الإنساني: في القانون الدولي وفي الشريعة الإسلامية. ط1. دار النهضة العربية. القاهرة.
- عبد الوهاب، الكيالي. 1985. موسوعة السياسة. ط1. المؤسسة العربية للنشر والتوزيع. بيروت.
- محمد، حنفي محمود. جرائم الحرب أمام القضاء الجنائي الدولي. ط1. دار النهضة العربية. القاهرة.
- فــاطمة، بلعيش. 2008. حماية أسرى الحرب في القانون الدولي الإنساني. مذكرة ماجستير في القانون العام. جامعة الشلف. الجزائر.
- فوزي، أوصديق. 1996. تطبيق القانون الدولي الإنساني وتأثيره على مبدأ المساواة. رسالة دكتوراه في القانون. جامعة وهران، الجزائر.
- أحمد، أبو الوفا. 2006. القانون الدولي الإنساني. ط1. المجلس الأعلى للثقافة. القاهرة.
- موات، مجيد. 2010. آليات حماية الأسرى. رسالة ماجستير في العلوم القانونية. كلية الحقوق. جامعة الحاج لخضر. باتنة. الجزائر.
- عبد الغني، عبد الحميد محمود. 2000. حماية ضحايا النزاعات المسلحة في القانون الدولي الإنساني والشريعة الإسلامية. ط1. اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر. القاهرة.
- فراس، أبو هلال. 2009. معاناة الأسير الفلسطيني في سجون الاحتلال الإسرائيلي. ط1. مركز الزيتونة للدراسات والاستشارات. بيروت.
- عبد الرحمان، أبو نصر، ، وسعيد سعد أسامة. 2014. "مكانة أسرى الحرب والمعتقلين في القانون الدولي الإنساني: دراسة تطبيقية للفلسطينيين في سجون الاحتلال". مجلة الجامعة الإسلامية للدراسات الإسلامية، المجلد 22. العدد الأول. غزة. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12816/0013649
- عبد الرحمان، علي إبراهيم غنيم. 2018. الحماية القانونية للأسرى وفقا لأحكام القانون الدولي الإنساني: دراسة تطبيقية على وضع الأسرى الفلسطينيين. المركز الديمقراطي العربي للدراسات الإستراتيجية والسياسية والاقتصادية. برلين، ألمانيا.
- محمد، نعمان النحال. 2019. الحماية القانونية الدولية المقررة للمعتقلين الفلسطينيين بالسجون الإسرائيلية. كلية الشريعة والقانون. غزة، فلسطين . DOI: https://doi.org/10.32894/1898-008-030-019
- هيئة شؤون الأسرى والمحررين. 2016. التقرير السنوي: "انتهاكات إسرائيل وجرائمها ضد الأسرى والأسيرات في سجون الاحتلال.
- التقرير السنوي لمؤسّسات الأسرى وحقوق الإنسان للعام 2021 حول الأسرى. وكالة وفا للأنباء والمعلومات الفلسطينية، الموقع: https://info.wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=M19Zz3a27785477082aM19Zz3.
- مراد، جاد الله. 2013. الإطار القانوني لمعاملة الأسرى والمعتقلين الفلسطينيين لوائح مصلحة السجون في عين القانون الدولي. جريدة حق العودة. العدد 52. القدس، فلسطين .
المصادر باللغة الانكليزية : -
Hamad, Si Ali. 2008. [The status of the prisoner of war in international humanitarian law]. Algerian contributions on international humanitarian law. 1st edition. International Committee of the Red Cross.
Warneqi, Muhammad. Warneqi, Sherif. 2013.[ Prisoners of War in International Law and Islamic Law]. Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 2, Issue 2. Ammar Theliji University.
Maher, Khudair. 2016. [Palestinian prisoners between legitimate and legal protection and human rights violations]. The Thirteenth International Conference of the Generation Center for Scientific Research: Palestine is a cause and a right. On: 2 and 3 December 2016. Lebanon.
-Tricky, Fred. 2014. [Protection of victims of international armed conflicts in international humanitarian law and Islamic jurisprudence]. Thesis for a Doctorate in Science: Law. Faculty of Law and Political Science. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi Ouzou.
- Hossam, Ali Abdul Khaleq Al-Sheikha. 2004.[ Responsibility and Punishment for War Crimes: With an Empirical Study of War Crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina]. New University Publishing House. Alexandria.
- Ahmed, Abu Al-Wafa. 2006. [The General Theory of International Humanitarian Law: In International Law and Islamic Law]. 1st edition. Arab Renaissance House. Cairo.
- Abdel Wahab, Al-Kayyali. 1985.[ Encyclopedia of Politics. 1st edition. Arab Publishing and Distribution Foundation]. Beirut.
- Muhammad, Hanafi Mahmoud. [War crimes before international criminal justice]. 1st edition. Arab Renaissance House. Cairo.
- Fatima, Belaish. 2008. [The Protection of Prisoners of War in International Humanitarian Law]. Master's degree in public law. University of Chlef. Algeria.
- Fawzi, or friend. 1996. The application of international humanitarian law and its impact on the principle of equalit]. Doctorate dissertation in law. University of Oran, Algeria.
- Ahmed, Abu Al-Wafa. 2006. [International Humanitarian Law]. 1st edition. Supreme Council of Culture. Cairo.
- Mawaat, Majeed. 2010.[ Mechanisms for protecting prisoners. Master's thesis in legal sciences]. collage of rights. Hajj Lakhdar University. Batna. Algeria.
- Abdel Ghani, Abdel Hamid Mahmoud. 2000. [Protection of victims of armed conflicts in international humanitarian law and Islamic law]. 1st edition. International Committee of the Red Cross. Cairo.
- Firas, Abu Hilal. 2009. [The suffering of the Palestinian prisoner in the Israeli occupation prisons]. 1st edition. Al-Zaytouna Center for Studies and Consultations. Beirut.
- Abdel Rahman, Abu Nasr. Osama, Saeed Saad. 2014. “The Status of Prisoners of War and Detainees in International Humanitarian Law: An Applied Study of Palestinians in Occupation Prisons.” Islamic University Journal for Islamic Studies, Volume 22. First Issue. Gaza.
- Abdul Rahman, Ali Ibrahim Ghoneim. 2018.[ Legal protection of prisoners in accordance with the provisions of international humanitarian law: an applied study on the situation of Palestinian prisoners]. Arab Democratic Center for Strategic, Political and Economic Studies. Berlin Germany.
- Muhammad, Noman Al-Nahhal. 2019. [International legal protection granted to Palestinian detainees in Israeli prisons]. College of Sharia and Law. Gaza, Palestine .
- Commission for the Affairs of Prisoners and Ex-Prisoners. 2016. Annual Report: “Israel’s violations and crimes against male and female prisoners in the occupation prisons.
- The annual report of prisoners and human rights institutions for the year 2021 on prisoners. Wafa Agency for Palestinian News and Information, website: https://info.wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=M19Zz3a27785477082aM19Zz3 .
- Murad, Jadallah. 2013. The legal framework for the treatment of Palestinian prisoners and detainees. Prison Service regulations in the eyes of international law. Haqq al-Awda newspaper. Issue No. 52. Jerusalem, Palestine.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Journal Policies
All articles published in the International and Political Journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This means that the Authors can:
The journal allows reuse and remixing of content in accordance with a Creative Commons license.
Copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
Policy of publishing in The International and Political Journal
The journal is committed to the ethics of scientific publishing, and according to the publication ethics report of the journal.
The decision to publish is based on the value of the scientific research, to what extent it meets the conditions of publication approved, the declared policy of the journal, and its specialty.
It is based on the principles of the scientific honesty, and originality of research submitted for publication. It deals with the names of reviewers and their reports with great confidentiality.
The opinions published in the journal reflect the views of the authors, and not necessarily reflect the opinion of the editorial board.
The journal does not adhere to the publication of whatever comes to it. The time and place of publication are subject to technical considerations adopted in the editorial plan of the journal.
The journal does not abide to return the research papers to their owners whether accepted for publication or not.
The researcher is to be provided with the acceptance of publication within about 24 WEEKS. As for publication, the editorial board reserves its right in priority of publishing. The arrangement of the research papers in the same issue is subject to technical standards.
Diversify of publishing papers from solid universities and scientific centers from inside and outside Iraq is preferable.
The journal maintains hard copies and electronic archive of the published issues in addition to the publication of the research papers.
The journal also publishes the issues electronically through the website of the journal, and the official website of the Iraqi academic journals, and makes it possible to download. Thus, documenting the intellectual property of the research papers and publishing them internationally is achieved.
Terms of publication may be modified when necessary with no previous notice.
The researcher obtains a copy of his research paper. If he wishes to buy acopy of the journal, the volume costs ID 10000 from inside Iraq and $8from the outside.
The Editorial Board considers that the researcher who submits his research paper for publication in the journal has already read the terms and conditions of publication and agreed on them.
The journal publishes the research papers of the postgraduate students in special issues for this purpose.
Stages of editing and publishing:
The researcher undertakes that his research has never been published before, and has not been submitted for publication to other sides until the end of the evaluation procedures and the acceptance of publication in the journal.
The research papers submitted for publication are to subjected for preliminary examination by the editorial board to determine their suitability for the journal specialization, its policy and the safety of scientific research procedures, and then to indicate its eligibility for scientific evaluation. The editorial board may apologize for accepting the research all together or require the researcher to amend it in accordance with the journal policy before sending it to editors.
After conducting the scientific evaluation, the research paper returns back to the researcher to make the required amendments within a maximum of two weeks.
A copy of the final research paper is to be submitted to the secretariat of the journal a hard copy and a soft copy on a CD, in both Word and PDF format. The researcher is fully responsible for the typing and linguistic mistakes after submitting the full research paper on a CD.
Plagiarism checker
All research papers are subjected to Turnitin program to uncover plagiarism before being sent to scientific evaluation. The researcher undertakes a written pledge to take the legal and moral responsibility, in the event of the emergence of plagiarism or taking from the efforts of other researchers, without a reference to them. The journal uses appropriate anti-plagiarism software, such as Turnitin to check for plagiarism.
Dealing with Allegations of Research Misconduct
The Journal shall take reasonable and serious steps to identify and prevent the publication of papers where research misconduct has occurred, including plagiarism, citation manipulation, and data falsification/fabrication.
Scientific Evaluation:
Scientific evaluation strengthens the research paper submitted to the journal and helps to take the appropriate decision by the editorial board to publish it. It also benefits the researchers to improve and correct their research papers.
The research paper is sent to three evaluators in the same specialty to evaluate
